Calories (kilocalories) to kilojoules
To convert Calories to kilojoules, multiply Calories by 4.184.
1 Calorie = 4.184 kilojoules (kJ)
Vitamin A
The conversion factor depends on its source, animal or plant.
1 Retinol Equivalent (RE) = 1 mcg Retinol
= 6 mcg beta carotene
= 12 mcg other provitamin A carotenoids
= 3.33 IU from animal foods (Retinol)
= 5 IU from mixed foods
= 10 IU from plant foods (carotenoids)
1 Retinol Activity Equivalent (RAE) = 1 mcg Retinol
= 12 mcg beta carotene
= 24 mcg other provitamin A carotenoids
= RE, if RE = retinol = RE x 0.5, if RE = carotenoids
Vitamin D
To convert IU of vitamin D to mcg, divide the IU by 40.
40 IU of vitamin D = 1 mcg of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)
= 1 mcg of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2)
Vitamin E
The DRI standard for Vitamin E is measured in mg of alpha-tocopherol. Nutrition Facts labeling panels display Vitamin E in IU units. The following shows the mathematical conversion between these two measures of Vitamin E:
1 IU Vitamin E = 0.67 mg RRR-alpha-tocopherol (natural)
= 0.9 mg all rac alpha-tocopherol (synthetic)
Vitamin E mg and Vitamin E a-TE are kept in the program so that they can be recalled for past saved diets, but they are rarely used for current Vitamin E analysis.
Niacin & Niacin Equivalents
Niacin equivalents = niacin (mg) + [tryptophan (mg) / 60]
Folate
1 mcg DFE (Dietary Folate Equivalent) = mcg of food folate + (1.7 x mcg synthetic folic acid)